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External conditions and growth performance
A central dimension of globalization is the world trend toward larger trade and financial openness, observed in most industrial and developing economies. Openness increases the integration of world goods and capital markets, contributing to potential gains in growth and welfare. However, increased ...
El ahorro y el consumo de bienes durables frente al ciclo económico ¿consumismo, frugalidad, racionalidad?
En la literatura económica el comportamiento del ahorro ha sido analizado desde diversas ópticas. Una de ellas es la que vincula el ahorro agregado nacional con el crecimiento económico. Una versión simple de este enfoque (que además asume acceso imperfecto al mercado de capitales internacional) señala ...
Monetary policy and key unobservables: evidence from large industrial and selected inflation-targeting countries
In recent years, the design of monetary policy has focused on gaps—the output gap, the interest rate gap, and the unemployment rate gap have all played a role in policy discussions. Standard models used for policy analysis are either specified in terms of such gaps or imply important roles for these ...
Politics and the determinants of banking crises: the effects of political checks and balances
There is likely to be little disagreement with the observation that political interference has exacerbated the problems associated with bank insolvencies. Nevertheless, most ot the analytical attention given to bank crises has focused on technocratic mistakes (inappropriate regulatory choices), exogenous ...
Inflation targeting and the inflation process: lessons from an open economy
Inflation targeting in an open economy insolves a number of complexities that do not arise with inflation targeting in a clises economy. One of these is that central banks in open economies have to decide how to repond to changes in the exchange rate.
General equilibrium models: an overview
The development of general equilibrium models (GEMs) goes back a long way in economics, both at a theoretical level and as a tool for empirical analysis. General equilibrium theory and modeling have proved to be relevant and useful for understanding economic interactions between markets and agents in ...
Policy biases when the monetary and fiscal authorities have different objectives
Until recently, the debate on the relationship between monetary and fiscal authorities centered on the inflationary consequences of mentary financing of the fiscal deficit. The moderately high inflation of the 1970s in some industrialized countries and, particularly, the recurring episodes of very ...
External vulnerability and preventive policies: an overview
Emerging market economies endure significantly more macroeconomic volatility than industrial countries. Output volatility in emerging market economies is more than twice as large as that in industrial economies, and consumption volatility is three times as large. Recent studies corroborate the view ...
Determinacy, learnability, and plausibility in monetary policy analysis: additional results
It is almost superfluous to begin by emphasizing that recent research in monetary policy analysis has featured a great deal of work concerning conditions for determinacy—that is, existence of a unique dynamically stable rational expectations equilibrium— under various specifications of policy behavior.1 ...
Inflation targets in a global context
Inflation targeting has become a global framework. There is an inflation-targeting country on every continent, and many other countries have introduced particular characteristics of inflation targeting into their monetary framework. Inflation targets have thus far proved to be durable: no country has ...