For decades, the exchange rate was at the center of macroeconomic policy debates in emerging markets. Many countries used the nominal exchange rate to bring down inflation, –others—mostly in Latin America—used the exchange rate to implicitly tax the export sector. Currency crises were common and usually ...

On September 2008 Lehman Brothers filed for bankruptcy and the world became aware that the financial crisis that had been unfolding for months was far more serious than expected. Months later it became clear that the financial crisis of 2008-2009 was the worst economic downturn since the Great Depression ...

Open economies, particularly emerging markets and commodityintensive economies, deal with large external shocks. These are typically of a financial nature in the case of the former and real—in that they affect the terms of trade—in the case of the latter. Alternative policy reactions and policy setups ...

The fiscal developments around the global financial crisis of 2007-2009 and its aftermath are undoubtedly a major factor behind that comeback. The large fiscal stimulus packages adopted by many countries in the face of large adverse shocks have triggered an unusually heated debate among academics, ...

This volume collects some of the papers presented at the XXV Annual Conference of the Central Bank of Chile, which took place in November 2022 in Santiago, Chile.1 The theme of the conference was Heterogeneity in Macroeconomics: Implications for Monetary Policy. The main objective of this conference ...

The increase in global imbalances in the last decade posed a theoretical challenge for international macroeconomics. Why did some less developed countries with a higher need for capital like China lend to richer countries? The inconsistency of standard dynamic open-economy models with actual global ...

The amount of information produced in an economy varies over time. Stock prices in particular are informative but their degree of informativeness changes over time. Agents do not produce the same amount of information in every macroeconomic state of the world or in anticipation of every state. Although ...

There is important heterogeneity among households, firms, and banks; and the way shocks or policies affect these agents depends critically on that heterogeneity. There was a rapid surge in the awareness of academic researchers and policymakers of the nexus between heterogeneity and monetary policy, ...

On September 2008, Lehman Brothers filed for bankruptcy and the world became aware that the financial crisis that had been unfolding for months was far more serious than expected. Months later, it became clear that the financial crisis of 2008-2009 was the worst economic downturn since the Great ...

The Book Series on "Central Banking, Analysis, and Economic Policies" of the Central Bank of Chile publishes new research on central banking and economics in general, with special emphasis on issues and fields that are relevant to economic policies in developing economies. The volumes are published ...