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Business cycle responses and the resilience of the chilean economy
After marked fluctuations in the business cycle over the last fifty years, the Chilean economy now appears to be less volatile and more resilient to external shocks. Because Chile is a small and increasingly open economy, analysts have long suspected that the amplitude of the cyclical fluctuations in ...
Managing the capital account
Globalization has been under attack over the last few years. Activists, famous academics, and commentators of various stripes have mounted a systematic campaign against free trade in goods and, especially, in financial claims. One of the latest manifestations of this antiliberalization mood was the ...
Metas de inflación y anclaje de expectativas inflacionarias en economías occidentales
Este artículo explora qué tan bien ancladas están las expectativas inflacionarias de largo plazo en Canadá, Chile, y EE.UU., a través de un estudio de eventos de alta frecuencia. Se usan datos diarios de compensación inflacionaria forward de largo plazo como indicadores de cómo percibe el mercado ...
Why are capital flows so much more volatile in emerging than in developed countries?
One of the most studied subjects in open macroeconomics is what determines capital flows. In general, most papers are concerned with estimating the following regression. where the left-hand side is some measurement of capital flows, either as a percentage of gross domestic product (GDP) or as changes, ...
Contingent reserves management: an applied framework
One of the most serious problems that a central bank in an emerging market economy can face is the sudden reversal of capital inflows (or sudden stops). Hoarding international reserves can be used to smooth the impact of such reversals (see, for example, Lee, 2004), but these reserves are seldom ...
Policy responses to external shocks: the experiences of Australia, Brazil, and Chile
Open economies, particularly emerging markets and commodityintensive economies, deal with large external shocks. These are typically of a financial nature in the case of the former and real—in that they affect the terms of trade—in the case of the latter. Alternative policy reactions and policy setups ...
External conditions and growth performance
A central dimension of globalization is the world trend toward larger trade and financial openness, observed in most industrial and developing economies. Openness increases the integration of world goods and capital markets, contributing to potential gains in growth and welfare. However, increased ...
External vulnerability and preventive policies: an overview
Emerging market economies endure significantly more macroeconomic volatility than industrial countries. Output volatility in emerging market economies is more than twice as large as that in industrial economies, and consumption volatility is three times as large. Recent studies corroborate the view ...
Autonomía de bancos centrales: la experiencia chilena
Tras una revisión selectiva de la literatura teórica y empírica relativa al desempeño macroeconómico y la autonomía del banco central presentamos nueva evidencia respecto de la relación entre esta última y el coeficiente de traspaso de tipo de cambio a inflación. Luego analizamos, desde distintos ...
Régimen de metas de inflación y credibilidad de la política monetaria en Chile
En este artículo presentamos nueva evidencia de cambios recientes en la dinámica inflacionaria en Chile. Mostramos que las rigideces de precios han aumentado, mientras el grado de indexación a la inflación pasada ha decrecido a lo largo del tiempo. También mostramos que el traspaso del tipo de cambio ...
Sovereign debt, volatility, and insurance
International capital inflows should, in theory, enable emerging market economies to reduce the volatility of private and public consumption in the presence of income volatility, in addition to allowing foreign savings to finance domestic capital accumulation. Access to international financial markets ...
Independencia del banco central e instituciones responsables de la política monetaria: pasado, presente y futuro
En el pasado, se esperaba que los bancos centrales —por ley, costumbre, o ambas— usaran sus instrumentos de política para lograr múltiples objetivos, como alto crecimiento y empleo, financiamiento para el Fisco y solución de problemas de balanza de pagos. Hoy gozan de sustancialmente más independencia, ...
Is the foreign exchange derivatives market effective and efficient in reducing currency risk?
Floating foreign exchange rates have gained increased support as a preferred system for reducing the vulnerability of emerging markets to external shocks. The volatility associated with floating exchange rates, however, exposes economic agents to the risk of changes in the valuation of the financial ...
Regularidades empíricas de la economía Chilena: 1986 - 2005
Este trabajo documenta las principales regularidades empíricas de la economía Chilena en los últimos veinte años. La caracterización se realiza en dos dimensiones. En primer lugar, se describe la estructura de la economía en términos del tamaño relativo de los distintos sectores en el largo plazo y ...
Cobertura cambiaria e inversion internacional de portafolio: una perspectiva local
¿Debe realizarse cobertura cambiaria? La respuesta depende de quién haga la pregunta y, desde su punto de vista, del efecto que tenga la cobertura sobre el riesgo y la rentabilidad esperada de la inversión. Aquí se considera a un inversionista de portafolio internacional establecido en el país. Es ...
Premios soberanos: una aproximación factorial
Este trabajo estima y analiza factores idiosincrásicos y globales relevantes en la evolución de los premios o spreads soberanos de economías emergentes, con énfasis en el caso Chileno, para el período comprendido entre enero de 1998 y septiembre de 2005. Se encuentra que un número reducido de factores ...
Large hoardings of international reserves: are they worth it?
Several Asian economies have accumulated large stocks of international reserves over the last few years. This motivates the question we address in this paper from an empirical point of view. Are these large increases in reserves an efficient crisis-prevention strategy? Or are they second-best to other ...
Exchange rate interventions and insurance: is fear of floating a cause for concern?
Fear of floating has recently come to be seen as one of the central de facto characteristics of exchange rate regimes in emerging markets, after first being identified by Calvo and Reinhart (2002). The interpretation of this phenomenon is still open to question. Does the optimal monetary regime for ...
Metas de inflación y el objetivo de pleno empleo
Este trabajo muestra la equivalencia entre distintas formas de plantear el objetivo inflacionario. Definir un rango y el porcentaje del tiempo que se espera estar en él es lo mismo que definir una meta para la proyección de la inflación en un horizonte dado. Ambas formas son similares a definir la ...
Currency mismatches in chilean nonfinancial corporations
The potential financial vulnerability that can occur when private sector or government agents acquire high levels of foreign currency debt has been at the center of discussion since the financial crises that affected the countries of Southeast Asia in the late 1990s. To the extent that a mismatch is ...