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Forward guidance in hte yield curve: short rates versis bond supply
Since late 2008 when short-term interest rates reached their zero lower bound central banks have been conducting monetary policy through two primary instruments: quantitative easing (QE) in which they buy long-term government bonds and other long-term securities and so-called forward guidance in which ...
Public trust and central banking
Central bank independence is one of the most remarkable pieces of institutional architecture fostered by economic thinking in the last half century. Theoretical studies in the 1980s stressed central bank independence as a precondition to bringing inflation under lasting control, and support for reform ...
Equity market spillovers in the Americas
Many aspects of financial markets merit monitoring in risk management and portfolio allocation contexts, including (and perhaps especially) in contexts of interest to central banks. Much recent attention, for example, has been devoted to measuring and forecasting return volatilities and correlations, ...
Heterodox central banking
In response to the current global crisis the U.S. Federal Reserve and other central banks around the world have implemented diverse policy measures including purchasing a wide range of securities lending to financial institutions intervening in foreign exchange markets and paying interest on reserves. ...
Independencia del banco central e instituciones responsables de la política monetaria: pasado, presente y futuro
En el pasado, se esperaba que los bancos centrales —por ley, costumbre, o ambas— usaran sus instrumentos de política para lograr múltiples objetivos, como alto crecimiento y empleo, financiamiento para el Fisco y solución de problemas de balanza de pagos. Hoy gozan de sustancialmente más independencia, ...
A veinte años de la autonomía del Banco Central de Chile
En las últimas décadas, ha habido un significativo aumento en el número de bancos centrales independientes. En Chile, la autonomía se adoptó hace ya veinte años. En este documento se presentan las razones por las cuales es conveniente tener un banco central autónomo, y se discute la importancia de la ...
The three E’s of central-bank communication with the public
Central banks used to ask, “Shall we communicate this?” Now, as a rule, they ask, “Why wouldn’t we communicate this?” This
first wave of the revolution in central-bank communication is giving rise to a second wave. The question increasingly is, “How should we communicate this in a way that engages a ...
Sources of uncertainty in conducting monetary policy in Chile
Monetary policy is made in an environment of substantial uncertainty. Consequently, academic researchers have sought to formally demonstrate the implications of uncertainty, as well as the ways in which central banks can manage it. The theoretical literature on uncertainty distinguishes between three ...
Macroprudential policy: promise and challenges
The developments that led to the 2008 global financial crisis raised a new awareness amongst central banks and financial regulators in advanced economies about the need to approach financial regulation and surveillance from a macroeconomic (i.e. systemic) and prudential (i.e. pre-emptive) perspective. ...
Monetary policy and global spillovers: mechanisms effects and policy measures: an overview
The global economy of today 'is a small world after all.' The high degree of international trade integration and financial interconnectedness has created tight linkages across most countries even between countries that may be very distant geographically or that may not have significant trade or financial ...
Does inflation targeting increase output volatility?: an international comparison of policymakers' preferences and outcomes
Monetary policy regimes around the world changed dramatically over the decade of the 1990s. Central banks have become more transparent, more independent, more accountable, and (apparently) more successful. The biggest transformation has benn the move away from focusing on intermediate objectives, susch ...
Central banking with many voices: the communications arms race
The job of central bankers is to use the monetary powers granted to them to promote price stability, sustainable growth, and a stable financial system. They do this in an environment fraught with unavoidable uncertainties. But, in conducting policy, there is one uncertainty that policymakers can and ...
The monetary policy transmission mechanism and policy rules in Canada
The inflation targeting regime in place in Canada requires a clear understanding of the monetary policy transmission mechanism and a way to exploit knowledge of that mechanism in making policy decisions. This paper describes the Bank of Canada's current undestanding of the monetary policy transmission ...
Alternative monetary rules in the open-economy: a welfare-based approach
How do central banks choose among alternative monetary polocies? In this paper we analyze that question for an open economy following an interest rate rule. Many issues remain controversial in the design of such a rule. If inflation is targeted, as it presumably is, should the domestic interest rate ...
Monetary policy thorugh asset markets: lessons from unconventional measures and implications for an integrated world
The global financial crisis of 2008 and its aftermath have brought many new challenges for the world’s central banks. These new challenges have in turn resulted in bold experimentation—not simply particularly vigorous use of traditional policy tools but also the use of new tools or if not entirely new ...
Central banking with many voices: the communications arms race
Around the world, most central banks set policy by committee. This is motivated in part by the idea that groups reach better decisions than individuals and in part by a desire for representation of different geographical areas and economic constituencies in policymaking. The Bank for International ...
Inflation targeting and the anchoring of inflation expectations in the Western hemisphere
Many central banks have adopted a formal inflation-targeting framework based on the belief and the theoretical predictions that an explicit and clearly communicated numerical objective for the level of inflation over a specified period would, in itself, be a strong communication device that would help ...
Shocks de oferta persistentes: ¿un dolor de cabeza para los bancos centrales?
Entre los años 2007 y 2008, la economía Chilena experimentó severos shocks de costos (aumentos de los precios internacionales de los productos básicos, incrementos del costo de la energía, sequías), los que fueron más persistentes de lo que se pensaba cuando se iniciaron y llevaron la tasa de inflación ...
Negative interest rates: lessons from the Euro area
In June 2014 the European Central Bank (ECB) decided to cut the rate on its deposit facility (DFR) by 10 basis points (bp) into negative territory an unprecedented move as no major central bank had used negative rates before. This decision was part of a more comprehensive monetary policy easing package ...
The monetary transmission mechanism and the evaluation of monetary policy rules
This paper explores the connection between the monetary transmission mechanism -the channel through which a change in monetary policy affects the economy- and the choice of monetary policy rules to guide central bank decisions. Differente views of the monetary transmission mechanism are readily apparent ...