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Sterilized foreign exchange interventions under inflation targeting
Inflation targeting needs exchange rate flexibility. If the policy interest rate is geared to achieving the inflation target the central bank must be willing to accept the resulting exchange rate. Simply put if the central bank has both an inflation target and an exchange rate target the private sector ...
Riding the roller coaster: fiscal policies of nonrenewable resource exporters in Latin America and the Caribbean
In the last decade the prices of nonrenewable resources which constitute a critical source of fiscal revenue in many Latin American and Caribbean countries recorded sharp swings correlated with economic growth developments in the world and in the region. Similar episodes in the past led to boom and ...
Floats pegs and the transmission of fiscal policy
One of the most popular pieces of wisdom in economic policy is the idea that fiscal policy is more effective in a fixed exchange rate regime or a currency union than in a flexible exchange rate regime. In this paper we revisit the theoretical foundations of the conventional wisdom on the relative ...
The great recession and the great depression: reflections and lessons
My Economics Department colleagues are fond of telling me that as an economic historian I have the advantage that I don’t have to update my lectures in response to events. My history lectures don’t become outdated as quickly as their lectures on say the Great Moderation. The fallacy of this view is ...
Fiscal multipliers and policy coordination
This paper is about an economy in a liquidity trap that is an environment with a zero nominal interest rate deflationary pressures and subpar growth. The paper shows two fiscal policy multipliers in a relatively standard New Keynesian liquidity trap economy with taxation costs. It computes real ...
Measuring and managing macrofinancial risk and financial stability: a new framework
The vulnerability of a national economy to volatility in the global markets for credit, currencies, commodities, and other assets has become a central concern of policymakers. The responsibility for managing these risks at the national level is often given to the central bank. However, the conventional ...
Macroprudential policy: promise and challenges
The developments that led to the 2008 global financial crisis raised a new awareness amongst central banks and financial regulators in advanced economies about the need to approach financial regulation and surveillance from a macroeconomic (i.e. systemic) and prudential (i.e. pre-emptive) perspective. ...
Adapting macroprudential policies to global liquidity conditions
The global financial crisis that erupted in 2007 has had intellectual repercussions as well as large economic costs. Recent events in the advanced economies especially the capital flow reversals and the looming banking sector crises in Europe have shaken the conviction that traditional yardsticks of ...
Making hard choices: trilemmas and dilemmas of macroeconomic policy in Latin America
Este artículo determina la linealidad del trilema de política macroeconómica para Colombia, Chile, México y Perú. El rol del crecimiento del crédito es considerado explícitamente con el fin de examinar la hipótesis alternativa de un dilema de política generado por la presencia de ciclos financieros ...
Interest rate policies banking and the macroeconomy
The debate over the effectiveness of monetary policy often centers around the benefits of low interest rates as a stimulus for the real economy. The idea is that low interest rates encourage spending either in the form of consumption or investment and this promotes employment and production. The ...