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Optimal monetary policy in a small, open economy: a general-equilibrium analysis
The two central issues in monetary policy are separated by time horizon. The first relates to the short run: what is the appropriate monetary policy across the business cycle? The second relates to the long run: waht is the optimal long-run rate of inflation? This paper explores these classic issues ...
Macro-prudential policy and the conduct of monetary policy
The 'Great Contraction' in global economic activity triggered by the financial crisis and the extraordinary fiscal and monetary measures that public authorities had to undertake in order to put the economy back on track by putting public finances under heavy strains and leading to extremely low ...
Commodity prices fluctuations and monetary policy in small open ecomomies
Increased volatility in the world prices of commodities such as oil and food which are basic imports for many countries has rekindled interest on the question of how monetary policy should best adjust to external commodity price movements. Recent studies have analyzed the issue in the New Keynesian ...
Independence, credibility, and communication of central banking: an overview
. Whether during the Global Financial Crisis, through individual country slumps, or at the trough of the pandemic recession, independent central banks were typically part of the solution rather than part of the problem. Attacks on the independence of a...
Changing inflation dynamics, evolving monetary policy: an overview
Understanding the dynamics of inflation has become an important challenge for both policymakers and researchers over the past decade. Empirical models linking inflation and economic activity—versions of the so-called Phillips curve—have failed...
Central banking with many voices: the communications arms race
The job of central bankers is to use the monetary powers granted to them to promote price stability, sustainable growth, and a stable financial system. They do this in an environment fraught with unavoidable uncertainties. But, in conducting policy...
Monetary policy and global spillovers: mechanisms effects and policy measures: an overview
The global economy of today 'is a small world after all.' The high degree of international trade integration and financial interconnectedness has created tight linkages across most countries even between countries that may be very distant geographically or that may not have significant trade or financial ...
Tales of two recessions in Chile: financial frictions in 1999 and 2009
During 2007-2009 the world underwent a deep economic crisis that has been termed the Great Recession where total output is estimated to have decreased 0.6%. This event has had two salient characteristics: it was a financial shock that originated in advanced economies and in the end most of the economies ...
Incorporating financial sector risk into monetary policy models: application to Chile
This article analyzes whether market-based financial stability indicators (FSIs) should be included in monetary policy models and, if so, how. Since the economy and interest rates affect financial sector credit risk, and the financial sector affects the economy, this article builds a model of financial ...
Risks to central-bank independence
their power or remit. These include everything from enhanced financial regulation to quasi-fiscal policy to mitigating economic inequality. Some recent populist proposals appear to be based on the presumption that central banks can issue large quantities...