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Sovereign debt, volatility, and insurance
International capital inflows should, in theory, enable emerging market economies to reduce the volatility of private and public consumption in the presence of income volatility, in addition to allowing foreign savings to finance domestic capital accumulation. Access to international financial markets ...
Assessing the flexibility of the labor market in Chile: An international perspective
The unemployment rate in Chile averaged slightly over 6.5 percent throughout a ten-year period of high economic growth that ended in 1997. Unemployment then rose significantly at the outset of the Asian crisis, reaching levels near 11 percent. This broadly coincided with the implementation of a set ...
Contingent reserves management: an applied framework
One of the most serious problems that a central bank in an emerging market economy can face is the sudden reversal of capital inflows (or sudden stops). Hoarding international reserves can be used to smooth the impact of such reversals (see, for example, Lee, 2004), but these reserves are seldom ...
On current account surpluses and the correction of global imbalances
The United States has run an increasingly large current account deficit over the last few years. J. P. Morgan forecasts that in 2007 the deficit will reach almost one trillion dollars, or 7 percent of GDP. This unprecedented situation has generated concern among analysts and policymakers. Many argue ...
Valuation effects and external adjustment: a review
Ever since David Hume introduced his price-specie flow mechanism in 1752, the question of external adjustment has been a classic issue for international macroeconomists. In 1968 Robert Mundell asked “To what extent should surplus countries expand, to what extent should deficit countries contract?” ...
International reserve management and the current account
This paper assesses the costs and benefits of active international reserve management. The first part outlines and appraises various channels through which international reserve management may enhance economic performance, focusing on two important channels: it lowers the real exchange rate volatility ...
Indexation of public debt: analytical considerations and an application to the case of Brazil
Since the implementation of the Real Plan of 1994, the Brazilian economy has been in the process of reducing its degree of indexation. For more than three decades, Brazilian wages, rents, financial securities, and other contracts were indexed to the price level. The frequency of adjustment sometimes ...
Trade orientation and labor market evolution: Evidence from chilean plant-level data
Many developing and developed economies consider structural reforms to trade and fiscal policy that are designed to lower taxes and tariffs and stimulate investment and production of the manufacturing sector. A good example of such a country is Chile, which went through a series of structural reforms ...
General equilibrium dynamics of external shocks and policy changes in Chile
This paper explores Chile’s macroeconomic dynamics with the help of a general equilibrium model parameterized for the Chilean economy. The model is based on microanalytic foundations, and its basic relations are derived from intertemporal optimization by a group of forward-looking agents endowed with ...
Fuentes de incertidumbre en la conducción de la política monetaria en Chile
Este artículo analiza la relevancia cuantitativa de las incertidumbres aditiva y multiplicativa, y en los datos para la conducción de la política monetaria en Chile. El análisis de la incertidumbre en los datos, se enfoca en la incertidumbre asociada a la estimación de la brecha del producto utilizando ...