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Saving distortions undervalued exchange rates and protectionism
Policies that distort domestic saving decisions have general equilibrium effects on trade flows and the real exchange rate. In particular increasing domestic savings keeps the real exchange rate undervalued depressing imports and increasing exports. However there are important differences between ...
Local impacts of trade liberalization: evidence from the chilean agricultural sector
Protectionist trade policies aim at shielding some sectors— typically but not exclusively manufacturing—from international competition. In doing so they may produce unintended consequences. In particular they tend to create some taxed sectors that use protected inputs usually in the agricultural sector ...
El crédito bancario durante la crisis financiera del 2008: una comparación internacional
Estimamos empíricamente los principales determinantes del crecimiento del crédito bancario durante la crisis financiera del 2008. Utilizando una muestra de más de 80 países, encontramos que un mayor auge de crédito bancario antes de la crisis y un menor crecimiento del PIB de los socios comerciales ...
Administración de ingresos provenientes de recursos naturales: tres 'relojes' de política
Los ingresos provenientes de un recurso no renovable como el cobre plantean dos retos distintivos para las reglas de política económica. Los ingresos fluctúan porque los precios de las materias primas han sido históricamente volátiles y son generados por las rentas de un recurso no renovable que puede ...
Política monetaria y la enfermedad holandesa: rigidez de precios y de salarios
Mediante un modelo de economía pequeña y abierta, especializada en la producción de materias primas y que exhibe fricciones exógenas en la fijación de precios y salarios, estudiamos la respuesta óptima de la política monetaria y cambiaria tras un shock positivo (negativo) en el precio del producto ...
Monetary policy in Chile: institutions objectives and instruments
Inflation seemed to be an endemic disease of the Chilean economy for most of the 20th century with its presence being felt even before the creation of the Central Bank in 1925. However things seemed to change drastically in the mid 1990s when the country began to experience a sustained process of ...
Global liquidity spillovers to emerging markets and policy responses: an overview
Global liquidity has become a popular concept in academic and policy discussions of recent years. This concept captures overall 'ease of financing' prevalent in the world economy (Caruana 2013) and it is usually mentioned as a possible cause of capital inflows global imbalances excessive credit expansion ...
Domestic financial frictions and the transmission of foreign shocks in Chile
In the early 90’s a literature emerged emphasizing the role of external factors in explaining business cycle fluctuations in emerging countries. In particular changes in the terms of trade and world interest rates are generally viewed as the main external factors affecting these economies. Additionally ...
Why do countries have fiscal rules?
Professor Vittorio Corbo in whose honor this conference is organized has an outstanding academic and professional career that spans teaching research policy making and advice provided to the private sector international institutions and governments. In the latter capacity of government advisor he ...
Implications of rapidly growing emerging markets for the world economy
It is an honor and a pleasure participating in this conference in honor of Vittorio Corbo. He has been a major contributor to the thinking on economic theory and policy with respect to development as an academic as a World Bank official as a consultant and as Governor of the Banco Central de Chile. I ...
The liquidity approach to bubbles, crises, jobless recoveries, and involuntary unemployment
El trabajo muestra que las consideraciones de liquidez entregan un fundamento sencillo para la creación y destrucción de burbujas y los trastornos relacionados en el mercado de crédito, en particular la pérdida de valor de las garantías. Se presenta un marco en el que las perturbaciones del crédito ...
Movilidad de capitales y política monetaria: consideraciones generales
Este artículo es una mirada a la conferencia XV del Banco Central de Chile 'Movilidad de Capitales y Política Monetaria'. En su conjunto, los estudios presentados en ella tratan diversos aspectos de las causas, consecuencias y desafíos de política, relacionados con los ciclos de auge y caída que han ...
Endogenous exchange-rate pass-through and self-validating exchange rate regimes
Un dilema de larga data en las economías abiertas se refiere a la moneda en que se denominan los precios nominales y los contratos. Este trabajo analiza la interacción entre los precios de exportación de las empresas y la política monetaria, y sus posibles implicancias macroeconómicas en la sincronización ...
Laudatio of Vittorio Corbo
Vittorio Corbo is one of Latin America’s outstanding economists and like some of his peers in the region his contributions and his influence includes academia but goes well beyond academia. While academic economists in developed countries tend to focus more narrowly on research and teaching the diversity ...
Global imbalances and external adjustment after the crisis
Over five years have passed since the most intense phase of the global financial crisis. As has been widely documented the pre-crisis period was characterized by increased dispersion in current account deficits and surpluses facilitated by a benign global financial environment characterized by low ...
Desafíos del manejo de la liquidez y de los activos internacionales en latinoamérica
Analizamos la creciente importancia de los fondos soberanos y la difusión de las metas de inflación y reglas de Taylor aumentadas y su impacto sobre el ajuste de los países latinoamericanos a los desafíos planteados por shocks financieros y de términos de intercambio post crisis. Confirmamos que la ...
Exchange rate structural fiscal balance and copper price: a puzzle
Chile’s exchange rate shows a strong volatility to copper price fluctuations. This correlation is essentially because copper is our main export product therefore increases in the price of copper imply higher returns from copper export volumes both for private and the stateowned mining company Codelco. ...
Asset bubbles and sudden stops in a small open economy
One of the most striking features of the world economy over the last twenty-five years has been the sharp decline in the real interest rate from approximately 4% in the early 1990s to -1.5% in 2013 (figure 1). During this period there have been two waves of large capital inflows into emerging economies ...
A caricature (model) of the world economy
This paper provides an extremely stylized model of the workings of a global economy where one of its key driving factors is economic agents’ continuous struggle to find assets to park financial resources. This struggle naturally comes with euphoria and disappointments as many of the 'parking lots' are ...
Financial reforms and capital flows: insights from general equilibrium
How are capital flows affected by financial reforms that relax credit constraints and raise the ability of domestic firms to borrow? At first glimpse one might be tempted to dismiss the question as trivial. If some domestic firms are credit constrained (which we assume to be the case!) relaxing their ...