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Measuring the effects of unconventional monetary policy on asset prices
On 16 December 2008 the U.S. Federal Reserve’s Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) lowered the federal funds rate—its traditional monetary policy instrument—to essentially zero in response to the most severe U.S. financial crisis since the Great Depression. Because U.S. currency carries an interest ...
Comfort in floating: taking stock of twenty years of freely floating exchange rate in Chile
Chile offers an example of a country that has overcome the fear of floating by reducing balance-sheet mismatches; enhancing financial-market development; and improving monetary, fiscal, and political institutions; while strengthening policy...
The war of ideas in economic development: a historical perspective
In the early 1970s when he had barely turned thirty years old Vittorio Corbo was already a legend of sorts among development economists. His dissertation at M.I.T. became an instant classic a work that had to be read by anyone interested in understanding the dynamics of inflation in developing nations. ...
The international financial system after Covid-19
In March of 2020, international markets seized up with a violence unequaled since the Global Financial Crisis (GFC) nearly a dozen
years before. As economies around the world locked down in the face of the potentially deadly but completely novel SARS-CoV-2 virus, stock markets fell, firms and governments ...
Central banking with many voices: the communications arms race
Around the world, most central banks set policy by committee. This is motivated in part by the idea that groups reach better decisions than individuals and in part by a desire for representation of different geographical areas and economic...
Monetary policy transmission in emerging markets: an application to Chile
A critical question for emerging-market policymakers is how to adjust to monetary policy changes in the center. A core tenet of modern macroeconomic theory is that countries should let their exchange rate float when financial conditions abroad change. This allows the nominal and real exchange rates ...
Fiscal inflation and cosmetic defaults in a small open economy
For a small open economy, maintaining a stable exchange rate and moderate levels of inflation is often a goal of primary importance. At the same time, the profession has recognized the tight link between fiscal and monetary policies in determining...
Terms of trade shocks and investment in commodity-exporting economies
Commodity prices have experienced significant swings over the past two decades. Real commodity prices have on average more than doubled in the last decade compared to the previous one while the prices of some commodities such as copper and other industrial metals have more than tripled in real terms. ...
Inflation globally
The fortunes of the Phillips curve have ebbed and flowed ever
since it was proposed by Phillips (1958). Although its origins are
primarily as an empirical regularity, there is now a vast literature
that provides more formal justification. In recent times, the Great
Moderation and the modern era ...
Spillovers to emerging markets during global financial crisis
At the heart of the debate on how the 2007–09 global financial crisis spread from the United States to the rest of the world lies the global banks. Using a large sample composed of advanced and emerging economies since the 1980s Abiad and others (2013) show that the effect of financial linkages on ...